I have used VIA rail quite a few times while bicycle touring. I tour with a Greenspeed Trike. When I was planning several tours using VIA Rail, I was bacily told that if it fit thru the baggage car doors, and there was a baggage car and checked baggage service at the stop, then it went.
At the time I lived in Lewiston, NY, and either drove to Toronto or took one of the weekend Go trains from Niagara Falls Ontario to Toronto. The Go train commuter train service on the weekends in the summer would have 2 cars with the seat removed from the lower deck and bike rack put in place. Note this info is from before Covid locked down Canada. They were expanding the GO Train service throughout the week.
I took the Canadian west from Toronto to Sudbery Junction, near Georgian bay and rode home. This train goes from Toronto to the West coast, has sleeper cars and catered meals. It departed every other day and had baggage service. This is their flagship route and has been featured on History Chanel.
I also took multiple trips that went from Toronto to Montreal. It has several trips daily with baggage cars but not all. also connected with the Ocean route that goes from Montreal to Quebec city and Halifax Nova Scotia. The Ocean route is a overnight route with baggage service and sleeper cars and Prepared meals.